Histopathological study of canine sebaceous tumors and their association with PCNA expression by immunohistochemistry / Estudo histopatológico de tumores sebáceos caninos e sua associação com a expressão de PCNA por imuno-histoquímica

Sebaceous tumors are common in dogs. These tumors include both benign and malignant lesions. Immunohistochemical evaluation of these tumors can aggregate information regarding the origin and degree of malignancy of the lesions. Focusing on this matter, sixty-one samples including normal skin and sebaceous tumors were selected from dogs of various breeds and ages, with no predilection for sex, from the archive of Veterinary Pathology Service of Federal Fluminense University, Niterói/RJ, Brazil. The samples underwent to histological processing, routine staining and immunohistochemistry with anti-PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen). Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the distribution of anti-PCNA labelling in different groups of variables. In case there were more than two groups, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was performed. The mean age of the affected animals was 10.56 years. The most affected breeds were Caniches and Cocker Spaniels, as well as mixed breed animals. There was immunostaining of PCNA in both benign and malignant tumors, as well as in hyperplasic lesions with varying intensity. Most of the tumors were neoplasms which represented 67.27% of the total sample; within these, 75.00% were benign. The most frequent neoplasm was sebaceous adenoma (37.74%). Results indicated no statistical difference in the distribution of anti-PCNA labelling between the groups of sex, age, reproductive status, localization, size of tumor, and histopathological diagnosis. Although there are not many studies analyzing anti-PCNA labelling in sebaceous tumors, several of them pointed out to the predictive value in other neoplasms. With this matter in mind, we intended to evaluate the expression of anti-PCNA in canine sebaceous tumor and a possible association with the malignancy of the lesions.

Tumores sebáceos são comuns em cães. Tais tumores incluem lesões benignas e malignas. A avaliação imunohistoquímica desses tumores pode agregar informações sobre a origem e o grau de malignidade das lesões. Para este fim, sessenta e uma amostras, incluindo pele normal e tumores sebáceos foram selecionadas de cães de várias raças e idades, sem predileção por sexo, do arquivo do Serviço de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói/RJ, Brasil. As amostras passaram por processamento histológico, coloração de rotina e imuno-histoquímica com anti-PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen). Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas além dos testes de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney para comparar a distribuição da marcação de anti-PCNA entre grupos de variáveis. Para variáveis com mais de dois grupos, aplicou-se a Análise de Variância (ANOVA). A idade média dos animais afetados foi de 10.56 anos. As raças mais afetadas foram Caniches e Cocker Spaniel, e ainda animais sem raça definida. Houve imunomarcação de PCNA em tumores benignos, malignos, e ainda em lesões hiperplásicas com intensidade variada. A maioria dos tumores eram neoplásicos representando 67.92% do total; destes, 75.00% eram benignos. O adenoma sebáceo foi a neoplasia mais frequente (37.74%). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas distribuições de anti-PCNA entre os grupos das variáveis sexo, idade, status reprodutivo, localização e tamanho do tumor e diagnóstico histopatológico. Embora não haja estudos com anti-PCNA em tumores sebáceos caninos, numerosas publicações apontam seu valor preditivo em outras neoplasias. Com isso, a finalidade deste estudo foi avaliar a expressão de anti-PCNA em tumores sebáceos caninos e sua possível associação com a malignidade das lesões.

Qualitative identification of imidacloprid in postmortem animal tissue by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

During an avian mass mortality event investigation at the National Fish and Wildlife Forensic Laboratory in Ashland, OR, imidacloprid became an insecticide of concern. A qualitative analytical toxicology screen of seeds, plucks (tongue, esophagus, and trachea), and ventricular contents was requested. A method for the extraction and qualitative analysis of the insecticide in animal tissues was therefore developed. The procedure relies on a combined Food Emergency Response Network (FERN) and QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) approach to sample extraction followed by qualitative analysis by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Since imidacloprid is not amenable to the conditions of gas chromatography, a trimethylsilyl derivative was created and characterized. Proposed mechanisms for the creation of this derivative and its mass spectrum are described. The imidacloprid-trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivative was detected in all samples submitted.

Reproducibility of histopathological findings in experimental pathology of the mouse: a sorry tail.

Reproducibility of in vivo research using the mouse as a model organism depends on many factors, including experimental design, strain or stock, experimental protocols, and methods of data evaluation. Gross and histopathology are often the endpoints of such research and there is increasing concern about the accuracy and reproducibility of diagnoses in the literature. To reproduce histopathological results, the pathology protocol, including necropsy methods and slide preparation, should be followed by interpretation of the slides by a pathologist familiar with reading mouse slides and familiar with the consensus medical nomenclature used in mouse pathology. Likewise, it is important that pathologists are consulted as reviewers of manuscripts where histopathology is a key part of the investigation. The absence of pathology expertise in planning, executing and reviewing in vivo research using mice leads to questionable pathology-based findings and conclusions from studies, even in high-impact journals. We discuss the various aspects of this problem, give some examples from the literature and suggest solutions.

Surgical margins in the veterinary cancer patient.

In veterinary oncologic specimens, histopathology is the gold standard for determining adequacy of excision. Despite limitations of this technique, the pathologist's interpretation of margin status significantly impacts patient management, including indications for adjuvant therapy. This article aims to summarize peer-reviewed literature as it relates to histologic margin evaluation in veterinary cancer patients. The value of histologic tumour-free margins and technical factors influencing histopathologic margin outcomes are also discussed. We review alternative strategies for determining excisional status, and discuss how an evolving understanding of tumour biology might inform clinical and research perspectives on surgical margins. In doing so, we aim to provide context and a stimulus for future investigations into this important yet incompletely understood topic.

The use, publication and future directions of immunocytochemistry in veterinary medicine: a consensus of the Oncology-Pathology Working Group.

One of the primary objectives of the Oncology Pathology Working Group (OPWG), a joint initiative of the Veterinary Cancer Society and the American College of Veterinary Pathologists, is for oncologists and pathologists to collaboratively generate consensus documents to standardize aspects of and provide guidelines for oncologic pathology. Consensus is established through review of relevant peer-reviewed literature relative to a subgroup's particular focus. In this document, the authors provide descriptions of the literature reviewed, the review process, and a summary of the information gathered on immunocytochemistry. The intent of this publication is to help educate practitioners and pathologists on the process of immunocytochemistry and to provide a guide for the use of this technique in veterinary medicine. This document represents the opinions of the working group and the authors and does not constitute a formal endorsement by the American College of Veterinary Pathologists or the Veterinary Cancer Society.

Pathology in Captive Wild Felids at German Zoological Gardens.

This retrospective study provides an overview on spontaneous diseases occurring in 38 captive wild felids submitted for necropsy by German zoological gardens between 2004 and 2013. Species included 18 tigers, 8 leopards, 7 lions, 3 cheetahs and 2 cougars with an age ranging from 0.5 to 22 years. Renal lesions, predominantly tubular alterations (intra-tubular concrements, tubular degeneration, necrosis, intra-tubular cellular debris, proteinaceous casts, dilated tubuli) followed by interstitial (lympho-plasmacytic inflammation, fibrosis, metastatic-suppurative inflammation, eosinophilic inflammation) and glomerular lesions (glomerulonephritis, glomerulosclerosis, amyloidosis) were detected in 33 out of 38 animals (87%). Tumors were found in 19 of 38 felids (50%) with 12 animals showing more than one neoplasm. The tumor prevalence increased with age. Neoplasms originated from endocrine (11), genital (8), lympho-hematopoietic (5) and alimentary organs (4) as well as the mesothelium (3). Most common neoplasms comprised uterine/ovarian leiomyomas (5/2), thyroid adenomas/adenocarcinoma (5/1), pleural mesotheliomas (3), hemangiosarcomas (2) and glossal papillomas (2). Inflammatory changes were frequently encountered in the intestine and the lung. Two young animals displayed metastatic mineralization suggestive of a vitamin D- or calcium intoxication. One tiger exhibited degenerative white matter changes consistent with an entity termed large felid leukoencephalomyelopathy. Various hyperplastic, degenerative and inflammatory changes with minor clinical significance were found in several organs. Summarized, renal lesions followed by neoplastic changes as well as inflammatory changes in lung and gastrointestinal tract represent the most frequent findings in captive wild felids living in German zoological gardens.

Practical murine hematopathology: a comparative review and implications for research.

Hematologic parameters are important markers of disease in human and veterinary medicine. Biomedical research has benefited from mouse models that recapitulate such disease, thus expanding knowledge of pathogenetic mechanisms and investigative therapies that translate across species. Mice in health have many notable hematologic differences from humans and other veterinary species, including smaller erythrocytes, higher percentage of circulating reticulocytes or polychromasia, lower peripheral blood neutrophil and higher peripheral blood and bone marrow lymphocyte percentages, variable leukocyte morphologies, physiologic splenic hematopoiesis and iron storage, and more numerous and shorter-lived erythrocytes and platelets. For accurate and complete hematologic analyses of disease and response to investigative therapeutic interventions, these differences and the unique features of murine hematopathology must be understood. Here we review murine hematology and hematopathology for practical application to translational investigation.

How much reproducibility do we need in human and veterinary pathology?

In diagnostic and research reports as well as text-books of human and veterinary pathology repeatability, reproducibility, inter- and intra-observer variation are mentioned rarely as a problem in preparing diagnosis from macroscopic and/or microscopic samples and discussed inconsistently. However, optimal care and restoration of health for a patient are dependent on reliability of diagnosis, therapy, prognosis and prophylaxis. This requires for all tests and procedures a maximal repeatability and reproducibility, a sensitivity and specificity of 85-95% for procedures and methodologies and a comparison of results procedures and methodologies to a gold standard. Looking at the various steps on the road to diagnosis in pathology this is influenced by a series of laboratory steps preparing tissue samples but most importantly reproducibility depends on the handling of visual information in the central nervous system of the individual diagnostician. Thus reproducibility in this context has to be divided into at least three levels: individual (epistemological, organoleptic, inter- and intra-observer variation, and formal/technological- and normative reproducibility). The aim of the present manuscript is to stimulate the reflection among the pathology experts on this most important topic.

Comparison of equine endometrial cytology samples collected with uterine swab, uterine brush, and low-volume lavage from healthy mares.

BACKGROUND: There have been no studies evaluating and comparing the quality of equine endometrial cytology samples obtained via the 3 most common sampling techniques from healthy mares. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to compare the quality and contents of equine endometrial samples obtained by 3 different sampling techniques: double-guarded uterine swab, double-guarded uterine brush, and low-volume lavage (LVL), all collected from clinically healthy mares. METHODS: Samples were collected from 24 healthy mares in early estrus. In 19 mares, samples were obtained in a sequential manner, first with the swab, then with the brush, followed by LVL. Cytologic evaluation included estimates of quality, cellularity, and presence of inflammatory cells. The clinical pathologist performing the evaluations was blinded to the collection technique. The Friedman test with Dunn's multiple comparisons was used to compare rankings of quality, cellularity, and the presence or absence of inflammatory cells. Observed cytologic differences were described. RESULTS: All techniques provided diagnostic samples, but swabs yielded the lowest quality sample. In our hands, the uterine brush provided the highest quality sample. Low-volume lavage samples contained higher numbers of neutrophils, although, in general, < 1 neutrophil/400× field is expected for all endometrial sampling techniques in healthy mares. CONCLUSIONS: All sampling techniques can be adequate methods for endometrial cytology, but the brush technique consistently provided the best sample. Sample contamination or poor slide quality can adversely affect interpretation. The most accurate criteria for determining what constitutes mild endometritis in mares have yet to be established.

Immunocytochemical detection of the class A macrophage scavenger receptor CD204 using air-dried cytologic smears of canine histiocytic sarcoma.

BACKGROUND: Cytologic diagnosis of canine histiocytic sarcoma (CHS) can be challenging because neoplastic histiocytes commonly show marked nuclear and cellular atypia and may resemble other pleomorphic malignant round cell tumors. Therefore, even on histopathologic examination, immunostaining is often necessary for a definitive diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to validate an anti-human CD204 antibody for immunocytochemical staining of air-dried smears for a rapid definitive diagnosis of CHS. METHODS: Cytologic specimens were obtained from 10 dogs with CHS and 45 dogs with other tumors. After the cytologic evaluation of modified Giemsa-stained smears, acetone-fixed specimens were immunostained using mouse anti-human CD204 antibodies. All immunocytochemical specimens were assessed blinded and at high-power magnification (× 40 objective) in 10 randomly selected fields per sample. Parameters evaluated were the subjective staining intensity and location, and the proportion of positive cells. RESULTS: All 10 CHS samples showed intense positive staining for CD204 in ≥ 50% of the cells, whereas the 45 other tumors were negative for CD204 staining. CONCLUSIONS: Immunocytochemistry of air-dried cytologic smears of CHS for CD204 is useful for a rapid confirmation of a cytologic diagnosis of CHS.

All lesions great and small, part 1: diagnostic cytology in veterinary medicine.

Cytopathology is a minimally invasive, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic modality with broad utilization in veterinary medicine. Primary care clinicians often screen common cutaneous and subcutaneous aspirates, with other samples most frequently evaluated by board certified veterinary clinical pathologists in reference laboratories. Wright-Giemsa stains are frequently utilized with the application of ancillary diagnostics such as cytochemistry, immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and molecular diagnostic techniques complicated by the need to develop and validate species specific reagents and protocols. The interpretation of veterinary cytology samples must be undertaken with extensive knowledge of the breadth of animal species, which includes familiarity with the frequency and biological behavior of inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic lesions that are influenced by species, breed, and husbandry conditions. This review is the first of two parts that focus on the most common domestic companion animal species (dog, cat, and horse), taking an organ system approach to survey important lesions that may be unique to veterinary species or have interesting correlates in human medicine. The first of the two-part series covers skin and subcutaneous tissue, the musculoskeletal system, and lymphoid organs. The cytologic features and biological behavior of similar lesions are compared, and selected molecular mechanisms of disease and ancillary diagnostics are reviewed when characterized. Supporting figures illustrate a subset of lesions. While not a comprehensive catalog of veterinary cytology, the goal is to give cytopathologists working in human medicine a general impression of correlates in veterinary practice.

All lesions great and small, part 2. Diagnostic cytology in veterinary medicine.

This is the second in a two-part review of diagnostic cytopathology in veterinary medicine. As in human medicine, cytopathology is a minimally invasive, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic modality with broad utilization. In this second part, the diagnostic applications of cytology in respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, endocrine, ocular, and central nervous system tissues are discussed with a section describing fluid analysis in veterinary medicine. As noted in the previous manuscript, which characterized the cytology of the skin/subcutis, musculoskeletal, and lymphoid tissues, the interpretation of veterinary cytology samples must be undertaken with extensive knowledge of the breadth of animal species, including familiarity with the frequency and clinical progression of diseases, both of which can be influenced by species, breed, and husbandry conditions. Similar to part one, this review focuses on the most common domestic companion animal species (dog, cat, and horse) and highlights lesions that are either unique to veterinary species or have relevant correlates in people. The cytologic features and biological behavior of similar lesions are compared, and selected mechanisms of disease and ancillary diagnostics are reviewed when appropriate. Supporting figures illustrate a subset of lesions. While not an exhaustive archive of veterinary cytology, the goal is to give cytopathologists working in human medicine a general impression of correlates and unique entities in veterinary practice.

Laser capture microdissection for the investigative pathologist.

An important step in translational research is the validation of molecular findings from in vitro experiments using tissue specimens. However, tissue specimens are complex and contain a multitude of diverse cell populations that interfere with the molecular profiling data of a specific cell type. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) alleviates this issue by providing a valuable tool for the enrichment of a specific cell type within complex tissue samples. However, LCM and molecular analysis from tissue specimens can be complex and challenging due to numerous issues related with the tissue processing and its impact on the integrity of biomolecules in the specimen. The intricate nature of this application highlights the essential role a pathologist plays in translational research by contributing an expertise in histopathology, tissue handling, tissue analysis techniques, and clinical correlation of biological findings. The present review examines key practical aspects in tissue handling, specimen selection, quality control, and sample preparation for LCM and downstream molecular analyses that are a primary objective of the investigative pathologist.

When tissue antigens and antibodies get along: revisiting the technical aspects of immunohistochemistry--the red, brown, and blue technique.

Once focused mainly on the characterization of neoplasms, immunohistochemistry (IHC) today is used in the investigation of a broad range of disease processes with applications in diagnosis, prognostication, therapeutic decisions to tailor treatment to an individual patient, and investigations into the pathogenesis of disease. This review addresses the technical aspects of immunohistochemistry (and, to a lesser extent, immunocytochemistry) with attention to the antigen-antibody reaction, optimal fixation techniques, tissue processing considerations, antigen retrieval methods, detection systems, selection and use of an autostainer, standardization and validation of IHC tests, preparation of proper tissue and reagent controls, tissue microarrays and other high-throughput systems, quality assurance/quality control measures, interpretation of the IHC reaction, and reporting of results. It is now more important than ever, with these sophisticated applications, to standardize the entire IHC process from tissue collection through interpretation and reporting to minimize variability among laboratories and to facilitate quantification and interlaboratory comparison of IHC results.

Beyond H&E: integration of nucleic acid-based analyses into diagnostic pathology.

Veterinary pathology of infectious, particularly viral, and neoplastic diseases has advanced significantly with the advent of newer molecular methodologies that can detect nucleic acid of infectious agents within microscopic lesions, differentiate neoplastic from nonneoplastic cells, or determine the suitability of a targeted therapy by detecting specific mutations in certain cancers. Polymerase chain reaction-based amplification of DNA or RNA and in situ hybridization are currently the most commonly used methods for nucleic acid detection. In contrast, the main methodology used for protein detection within microscopic lesions is immunohistochemistry. Other methods that allow for analysis of nucleic acids within a particular cell type or individual cells, such as laser capture microdissection, are also available in some laboratories. This review gives an overview of the factors that influence the accurate analysis of nucleic acids in formalin-fixed tissues, as well as of different approaches to detect such targets.

Multispectral imaging: a review of its technical aspects and applications in anatomic pathology.

The field of anatomic pathology has changed significantly over the last decades and, as a result of the technological developments in molecular pathology and genetics, has had increasing pressures put on it to become quantitative and to provide more information about protein expression on a cellular level in tissue sections. Multispectral imaging (MSI) has a long history as an advanced imaging modality and has been used for over a decade now in pathology to improve quantitative accuracy, enable the analysis of multicolor immunohistochemistry, and drastically reduce the impact of contrast-robbing tissue autofluorescence common in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. When combined with advanced software for the automated segmentation of different tissue morphologies (eg, tumor vs stroma) and cellular and subcellular segmentation, MSI can enable the per-cell quantitation of many markers simultaneously. This article covers the role that MSI has played in anatomic pathology in the analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections, discusses the technological aspects of why MSI has been adopted, and provides a review of the literature of the application of MSI in anatomic pathology.

Estudo clínico, histopatológico e imunoistoquímico de neoplasias mamárias em cadelas / Clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical study of mammary neoplasm in bitches

O objetivo foi realizar um estudo clínico e epidemiológico de neoplasias mamárias em cadelas, considerando-se histórico reprodutivo, exame físico, diagnóstico histopatológico e imunoistoquímico. Utilizaram-se 60 neoplasias mamárias, divididas em grupos (grupo 1 - benigno, e grupo 2 - maligno). Avaliaram-se dados do histórico reprodutivo, o exame físico e achados histopatológicos e imunoistoquímicos para fator de crescimento endotelial vascular. Ao estudo do histórico reprodutivo, encontraram-se 90% dos animais com irregularidade de cio, 86,63% das cadelas não foram medicadas com contraceptivos e 83,33% não eram castradas. Ao exame físico, não foi verificada diferença (p>0,05) entre grupos ao se avaliar consistência das massas, regularidade da superfície tumoral e localização anatômica dos tumores. Quanto ao tamanho das massas, verificou-se diferença entre os grupos (p=0,0077), com 0,78±1,13cm para o grupo 1 e 1,81±2,29cm para o grupo 2. Diagnosticaram-se 40% de massas benignas e 60% de malignas, de acordo com os tipos de neoplasias. Para VEGF, verificaram-se valores médios de 2,22±0,89 para tumores malignos e 1,66±0,91 para benignos, com diferença entre grupos (p=0,0315). As neoplasias mamárias em cadelas não apresentam características de histórico reprodutivo e de exame clínico que auxiliem o diagnóstico diferencial, sendo a histopatologia o único método para conclusão do diagnóstico e a imunoistoquímica podendo ser utilizada para prognóstico da lesão.

The objective was to conduct a clinical and epidemiological study of mammary cancer in bitches, considering their reproductive history, physical examination, histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis. We used 60 breast tumors which were divided into groups (group 1 - group 2 and benign - malignant). We evaluated data from the reproductive history, physical examination and histopathology and immunohistochemistry for VEGF. The study of reproductive history had 90% of irregular estrus, 86.63% of the dogs were not tested with contraceptives and 83.33% were not castrated. On physical examination, there was no difference (p>0.05) between groups regarding the consistency of the masses, surface regularity of the tumor and anatomic location of tumors. As for the masses, there was a difference between groups (p=0.0077), with 0.78±1.13cm for group 1 and 1.81±2.29 cm for group 2. 40% of benign masses and 60% of malignant masses were diagnosed, according to the types of malignancies. For VEGF, the average values were 2.22±0.89 for malignant tumors and 1.66±0.91 for benign, with differences between groups (p=0.0315). The mammary tumors do not exhibit characteristics of reproductive history and clinical examination to help the differential diagnosis, and histopathology is the only method for completion of diagnosis and immunohistochemistry which can be used for injury prognosis.

Sudden death associated with electric shock in a horse: a case report / Muerte súbita asociada a descarga eléctrica en un equino: reporte de uncaso / Morte súbita associada com choque elétrico em um cavalo: relato de caso

The aim of this study was to describe a case of sudden death in a horse associated with electric shock. Refer aThoroughbred horse race, sex male, 7 years old. With a history of sudden collapse and death. He practiced thetechnique described for equine necropsy. Samples were collected from all organs for histology. Additionally, blood samples for complete blood count and blood chemistry. The room where the fish was was assessed with a powerdetector. Necropsy results were cyanotic mucous membranes, marked rigor mortis. Bleeding Ecchymotic epicardiumand endocardium. Liver hemorrhage, adrenal and kidney bruise. The histological sections showed in muscle: marked hypereosinophilia, retains the basic profile of the muscle myofibril, acute coagulation necrosis. Heart: coagulationnecrosis, degeneration of muscle myofibrils with hyalinization and swelling. Hematological tests evidenced acutehemolysis. Environmental assessment with the power detector revealed a discharge of electricity with an amperage≥250 mA. In conclusion we report a case of sudden death in a horse associated with electric shock.

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir un caso de muerte súbita en un equino asociado a una descarga eléctrica.Se remite un equino Pura Sangre de Carrera, de sexo macho, 7 años de edad. Con historia de colapso súbito ymuerte. Se le practicó la técnica de necropsia descrita para equinos. Fueron colectadas muestras de todos los órganos para estudio histológico. Adicionalmente se tomaron muestras de sangre para estudio hematológico y química sanguínea. El recinto donde se encontraba el ejemplar fue evaluado con un detector de electricidad. Los resultados de necropsia fueron: mucosas cianóticas, marcada rigidez cadavérica. Hemorragia equimótica de epicardio y endocardio. Hemorragia hepática, adrenal y renal equimótica. Los cortes histológicos evidenciaron en musculo: marcada hipereosinofilia, se conserva el perfil básico de la miofibrilla muscular, necrosis de coagulación aguda. Corazón: necrosis de coagulación, degeneración de miofibrillas musculares con hialinización y tumefacción. Elestudio hematológico evidenció hemolisis aguda. La evaluación del ambiente con el detector de electricidad reveló una descarga de electricidad con un amperaje ≥250mA. En conclusión se reporta un caso de muerte súbita en unequino asociada a descarga eléctrica.

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever um caso de morte súbita num equino associado a uma descarga elétrica. Éremitido um equino Sangue Puro de Carreira, de sexo macho, 7 anos de idade. Com uma historia de colapso súbito e morte. Foi praticada a técnica de necropsia descrita para equinos. Foram coletadas amostras de todos os órgãos para estudo histológico. Adicionalmente foram tomadas amostras de sangue para estudo hematológico e químicasanguínea. O lugar onde se encontrava o exemplar foi avaliado com um detector de eletricidade. Os resultadosde necropsia foram: mucosas cianóticas, marcada rigidez cadavérica. Hemorragia equimótica de epicardio eendocardio. Hemorragia hepática, adrenal e renal equimótica. Os cortes histológicos evidenciaram em músculo:marcada hipereosinofilia, é conservado o perfil básico da miofibrilha muscular, necrose de coagulação aguda.Coração: necrose de coagulação, degeneração de miofibrilhas musculares com hialinização e tumefação. O estudohematológico evidenciou hemolise aguda. A avaliação do ambiente com o detector de eletricidade revelou umadescarga de eletricidade com um amperagem ≥250mA. Em conclusão é reportado um caso de morte súbita numequino associada à descarga elétrica.